Tree plantation involves a big first step to select the apt species suitable for the region. If we consider Toronto, the warm and humid climate of summers and snowy cold winters bring about an average annual temperature of 9 degrees Celsius, indicating cold continental species suitable for planting.

If you are planning to get trees for your garden or are conducting a greenery drive, check out the following factors and suggestions to ensure a sustainable plantation every time.

Seasonal plants depending upon the geography

Located amidst the Great Lakes, Toronto has fine patches of fertile forest land. The soil is generally thick clay or loamy at places, sometimes lacks substantial oxygen levels, is seldom acidic from sedimentation, and supports mostly deciduous and coniferous plantations.

Seasonal produce often requires indoor seed germination before the saplings are transferred to the outer soil. Seasonal produce in fruits, vegetables, and floral plants can include:

1. Summers: Beans, squash, corn, okra, tomatoes, watermelons, cucumbers, pumpkins, and herbs like basil and oregano are common as they require ample sun up to six hours per day.
2. Rainy and Fall: Beets, radishes, cauliflowers, cabbages, peas, lettuce are common for outer sapling planting from June to September.
3. Floral Plantations: Apart from edible species, floral gardens are also a great attraction for Toronto tourists. Around the year, you can find farms plush with varieties of roses, peonies, irises, hydrangeas, purple coneflowers, or lilies. Summers are also special for petunias, geraniums, or trailing ivy plantations.

Perennial and long-lived deciduous trees

Perennial plantations are the best for the fall season (August to October) or the early spring (March to May) to germinate and allow the plants to gain a firm root. These trees aren’t seasonal thus live throughout the year even if they are partially dormant during their leaves shedding season. For deciduous plants or trees, you can consider:

1. Black walnut: Long living tree for more than 150 years. The best time for seed germination is in the early fall months, followed by chilly winter. It yields extremely delicious and nutritious nuts and thick bark for lumber and is thus produced commercially. The trees release aggressive chemicals from roots which keep them safe from disease attacks, but it can harm the growth of surrounding trees.
2. Black Willow: A deciduous species favoring late spring months, these trees are the lumber and wood-producing commercial plants. They have thick meshy roots capable to hold loose soil and prefer moist soil of spring and rainy season.
3. Maple trees: Sugar or Silver Maple are mostly preferred for early fall plantations as late autumn is expected to be the shedding season. They have a life span of 100-300 years, have pigmented leaves, and produce edible winged samaras seeds.
4. Oak Trees: Bur or white oak popular in Toronto are deciduous and can be planted in early fall days. They yield commercial acorn fruits and growly burly big to live up to 300 years.
5. Birch Trees: These are trees with thin trunks and small sharp leaves that resemble coniferous plants of winter. They can live up to 250 years and are quite exceptional for their medicinal properties. The bark is used as commercial wood or for extracting oil used in medicines.